1	Streaming Video: Fad, Fictional or Functional
2	Disclaimer: The opinions expressed herein are those of the presenter and do not necessarily represent the views of PBS and its member stations. The presenter does not warrant the information contained herein to be error-free nor make any representation as to the suitability of such information for any purpose whatsoever.
3	Videostreaming: What Plague Hath We Wrought? A Presentation to the 2002 Iowa DTV Symposium Dave Johnston, PBS
4	How did we get here? 1993 – 94: Mighty Gopher ruled the world 1995: Downloadable Quicktime, AVI movies, streaming audio 1996: Xing, VDOLive dominate a 28.8 world, Progressive Networks gets “FM Quality” from RealAudio 3.0, Microsoft announces “Netshow” 1997: RealVideo available for public beta in February
5	How did we get here? 1998: Microsoft announces launch of Windows Media Player (re-brand) and NetShow Theater Server 1999: Victoria’s Secret monumental webcast disappoints millions 2000: 2^nd Victoria’s Secret webcast serves two million viewers, but cost ten million dollars!
6	Streaming Media West ‘99 A California “Lovefest” of streaming players practicing unsafe business Opening Keynote Address: Bill Gates proclaims “We’re big believers in broadband” RealNetworks sponsors conference T-shirt: “Streaming Media Pays Off” DEN™ Sr. VP of BusDev claims their production costs of $700 per hour will put “traditional broadcasters” out-of-business
7	But wait – it’s what users want! “Wow...I just want to congratulate you guys on your site. I was so angry that I missed my local channels' showings of ___ … then I couldn't believe that I could watch the whole show on the site! Do you do this with every show? How long is the video up for? Bravo... I opened each clip in real player and ran in full screen, which looked great, and was like watching a VHS copy of the show. You guys are at the forefront of the web to be doing this. And thankfully you have something so interesting to watch! Thanks!”
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9	But wait – it really is what users want! “I absolutely love the ability to watch previous full featured shows on the web. Thank you!” “Your programs … should be available for the general public, with computers, to view. Please change your approach and have a download with the programs for webviewing…”
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11	According to Industry Analysts… By 2006 the number of streaming video users will be roughly 67 million The number of users willing to pay for streaming content will be about 7 million
12	The Real Cost Issues Server Licenses Rights Releases Storage Bandwidth
13	The Online Newshour Searchable Video Archive 26 months of programs Encoded at 37 kbps and 220 kbps Two formats: Real and Windows Media 300 GB high-availability SCSI disk 11,000 – 46,000 streams per week 2.5 million successfully served streams 7.7 terabytes of data transferred
14	Data Transfer Comparison 7.7 terabytes / 2.5 million users = 3.08 MB 7.7 terabytes / 45 kB = 172 million pageviews The average stream served consumes as much bandwidth as 69 web pages!
15	Other “searchable” Videos Julia Child: Lessons with Master Chefs Scientific American Frontiers American Field Guide Washington Week in Review Mathline Tennessee Crossroads plus Newshour = 85,000 streams/week!
16	A little background noise… “watching” the news while doing work Bandwidth Intensive Less than passive – completely unfocused! Dumb vs. Evil
17	“You want video? Turn on a television set!” –anonymous