1	"Case Study of a" Case Study of a Public Television Consolidation Model
2	Project Background Current Factors Public Television faced with the challenges of digital conversion Multi Channel Operation HD Operation Continued NTSC service during transition Metadata & PSIP Data services Station revenues flat PBS network distribution model facing major change Technology to support consolidation emerging Wide area automation Remote monitoring & control Media networking Capital funding model flawed
3	Project Background Founding partners formed consortium to study feasibility, financial impact and possible operational models for centralized operations KCTS Seattle, Wa. Oregon Public Broadcasting Portland,Or. Washington State University Pullman, Wa. CPB grant funded study as part of public broadcasting digital initiative Project expanded to include other stations in Pacific Northwest Hired management consultant to focus on business and financial model Transformations Released RFP for development of technical model, system design and project integration
4	Original NW ADDE Participating Stations
5	Original Concept NW ADDE Phase 1 Distributed Model
6	Original Concept NW ADDE Phase 2 Central Library Model
7	Original Concept NW ADDE Phase 3 Centralized Operations
8	ADDE Concept – National Rollout
9	Washington Stations - ADDE
10	Oregon Stations - ADDE
11	California Stations - ADDE
12	Alaska Stations - ADDE
13	RFP Process RFP asked vendors to propose solutions to a variety of operational service levels Centralized master control operations Program ingest, server, automation, encoding Central library service Server, archive, browse system and media asset management ADDE Lite Remote control of existing facility Transmission monitoring and control RFP encouraged a variety of interconnection options IP ATM Clear channel Frame relay
14	Selection of Harris Harris responded with a complete solution that was supported by key Harris technology. Wide area automation Media asset management and browser Multi format media networking Network connective equipment Audio/Video transport Facility monitoring and control ADDE Evaluation Team picked Harris based on Vision Technology Understanding of ADDE’s requirements and challenges
15	ADDE Key Enabling Technology Real-time control of systems and devices over WAN…NDCP Remote operational control over IP based network…Remote Air Client Media transfers between facilities…GMT/WAN Remote supervision…SNMP Proxy Agent Media Asset Management and Browsing…Invenio, WinJest
16	Wide Area Automation
17	Global Media Transfer ^TM(GMT) Delivers frame-accurate media over a wide area network Enables station groups to create central digital hubs Prepare commercials and programming once Deliver to designated stations over high-speed network
18	Remote Air Client Control transmission lists from a remote location Local stations can control a central automation system Several remote stations can be controlled from a central location Local station client workstations Control playout of local programming Provide local branding and tagging
19	Network Device Control Protocol Extends automation over a Wide Area Network Enables any device to support any transmission list Locally or remotely Ultimately, it will enable virtual devices
20	SNMP monitoring of Automation System
21	ADDE Key Enabling Technology ATM networks IP networks T1 – E1 networks
22	ADDE Key Enabling Technology
23	ADDE Key Enabling Technology Harris FlexiCoder Systems Multi-channel SD encoders MPEG-2 Multiplexer and Demultiplexer Multi-channel SD decoders HD encoders and decoders
24	ADDE Key Enabling Technology Harris Broadcast Manager Powered by NetBoss
25	Typical HBM System
26	ADDE Project Driver Goals Reduce “on air” operational costs associated with Master Control Transmission monitoring and control Program ingest and prep Lower long range capital equipment costs Funded depreciation reduces future risks Higher Quality Service Improvement in signal quality and operational best practices Future proofing Enable central media library Enable new creative service models Enable expanded DTV program services Enable new delivery platforms (PBS NGIS, IP, FTP, etc)
27	KCTS Service Model
28	KSPS Service Model
29	KWSU Service Model
30	KVPT Service Model
31	KUAC Service Model
32	It’s A Digital World DTV aside…the television world is transitioning to digital All but one ADDE station have analog infrastructure Most equipment manufacturers have exited analog equipment market Plant upgrades will require bridging technologies Digital benefits will not be realized until entire path is digital Traditional PBS station “piece meal” upgrade path will not yield the full benefits of digital transition
33	Depreciation “Depreciation” really means building an equipment replacement reserve. ADDE core equipment will be depreciated on a schedule that reflects technology obsolescence Depreciation schedule will be funded to allow for future upgrade or replacement without relying on “Hail Mary” financing Station specific equipment at ADDE operations center, station studio facility or transmitter will be owned by the station Depreciation is up to the individual entity.
34	Potential Shared Resources Promo Creation ADDE member station could enter into business of creating program interstitial material for other stations ADDE interconnect would support ingest and transfer of content ADDE facility has capability to produce HD breaks for stations ADDE facility has capability to aggregate and centralize creation of all VOs for stations
35	Potential Shared Resources Traffic and Scheduling ADDE member station could undertake traffic and scheduling services for one or more other ADDE stations Pledge Break Production ADDE member station could undertake business of creating pledge breaks for other member stations.
36	Potential Shared Resources Membership Back Office ADDE member station could offer services for one or more stations - Similar to the IOS model in Florida Centralized Programming Services ADDE member station could offer programming service to one or more stations – Linked to traffic and scheduling Production Editing Stations could share expensive and little used HD editing equipment by sharing various production elements
37	ADDE 1 Basic Design Assumptions Most program material will be ingested by ADDE including QC, MAM, and play-to-air prep. PBS network Syndicated All program streams will be assembled at ADDE and transported to station All monitoring functions will take place at ADDE Stations will continue production functions Central library will contain all media content Local live events will be switched into streams at station
38	ADDE – 1 Centralized Facility
39	ADDE-1 Key Features Centralized operations monitoring & control point for : Program stream assembly Broadcast, Cable and other distribution services Signal quality monitoring Source to air Transmission monitoring and control Analog Tx, Digital Tx, uplinks, microwave Facility status monitoring Studio plant and equipment Transmission plant and equipment
40	ADDE-1 Key Features Centralized program library and archive On-Line access to 1000 Hrs SD, 200 Hrs HD and 200 Hrs Transport ready content Near-Line access to 20,000 Hrs content On-Line browse access to all content Easily expanded for future needs Centralized ingest point for non PBS content Centralized manager for content exchange Stations can swap content via interconnect Optional real-time interconnect
41	ADDE-1 Services Overview Media Ingest and Preparation Media Archive Program Stream Assembly Asset Management and Content Delivery Remote Operation of In-station Services Program Stream Monitoring Transmission and Facility Monitoring DTV Program Guide Generation and Insertion
42	ADDE-1 Media Ingest ADDE 1 will ingest and prepare for air most of the media content used by all stations including: All PBS SD program streams PBS HD program stream Syndicated programs (Satellite or fiber delivered) Video tape program material Media ingest process will also create an on-line low resolution Windows Media file of all content System will support ingest of material transferred via FTP from the stations and future PBS interconnect ADDE will ingest material to allow stations to use or eliminate tags or breaks in a program as desired
43	ADDE-1 Media Archive ADDE will archive all material ingested for the duration of licensing agreements All archived material will be available on demand Archive “space” will be made available for individual station needs
44	ADDE-1 Program Stream Assembly ADDE will build program streams for each station according to station’s traffic instructions Stations will always have complete flexibility in programming decisions Stations will always have the ability to locally insert content as desired for fundraising or other programming needs Stations will have access to their respective play lists to allow for changes in programming on the fly (providing content is available) Stream complexity is at the discretion of the station Based upon equipment purchased by station and programming needs
45	ADDE-1 Asset Management & Delivery ADDE has the ability to send and receive content from a variety of sources including satellite, fiber, and FedEx! All ingested material will be under asset management and available for review by stations as authorized Asset Management databases will be compatible with PBS Orion Metadata will be compatible with standard Public broadcasting models
46	ADDE-1 Remote Station Operations ADDE will have the ability to monitor and control selected station equipment An election to have ADDE operate station equipment can be made if telecommunication provisioning is limited. The station will also have the ability to control equipment at the ADDE via the station located automation client
47	ADDE-1 Program Stream Monitoring Harris Broadcast Manager system will monitor critical aspects of all program streams from creation to “on air” Stations have choice in level of monitoring service Service Level “A” for primary program streams < six streams visually monitored per MC operator to insure high level of reliability. Service Level “B” for secondary program streams < twelve streams monitored per MC operator. Service Level “C” for secondary program streams Monitored by exception using intelligent system probes MC operators eyes only when fault is discovered
48	ADDE-1 Transmission & Facility Monitoring ADDE Monitoring Services include: Analog service program stream as as it leaves the ADDE facility, as it arrives at station’s transmitter and at demodulator output DTV transport stream as it leaves the ADDE facility, as it arrives at station’s transmitter and at demodulator output Low bit rate video and audio confirmation return feeds selectable from transmitter input or demodulator output All normal transmitter functions and parameters Remote control all transmitters Remote supervision of station automation systems All critical network equipment and paths ADDE can also provide building surveillance, tower light, fire and intrusion alarm monitoring for the transmitter and studio buildings eliminating third party fees.
49	ADDE-1 DTV Program Guide Generation and Insertion Individual station program guides will be assembled from stations traffic log, program producers and PBS program information PSIP date will be transmitted to individual stations and inserted Group PSIP such as OPB will be customized for each transmitter insuring DTV receiver tuning and program stream navigation
50	ADDE-1 System Redundancy All ADDE critical core systems include 1-1 redundancy or have distributed architecture to mitigate system wide failure All ADDE station specific systems are 1-N redundant allowing easy failure protection All building support systems are redundant and hardened System capability allows for stations to inject local program material in the event of network connectivity failure Evergreen server Local studio
51	ADDE-1 Interconnection Requirements ADDE to Station Station to ADDE
52	ADDE Connectivity Plan
53	Financial Modeling Develop comparison of costs based upon reference service models Capital investment ADDE vs. Stand-alone station investment Operational ADDE vs. Stand-alone for each station Interconnection Core depreciation funding (several models considered) Project evaluated over 10 year operational period Modeling needs to include financing of capital investment Not shown in this comparison
54	ADDE-1 Implementation Costs Capital Costs 10 Year Operating Costs Cost Comparison
55	PBS Next Generation Interconnect System (NGIS) NGIS planned to replace current satellite delivery system by 2006 Estimated 2 year transition IP based file transfer (FTP) replaces most realtime program streams Over 90% of PBS content can be shipped 14 days in advance of air Files will be “air ready” with no additional prep required Realtime streams still supported but with IP layer Increased metadata will accompany program material NGIS will require server compatibility between central library at PBS and catch server at each member station
56	Possible Impact of PBS NGIS
57	ADDE 2 Basic Design Assumptions NGIS will provide stations with servers and receive equipment PBS will deliver all non real-time material to station’s server as FTP files over IP NO QC required All metadate wrapped around program file No further program prep required Program playout and stream assembly will occur at station Other functions will remain at ADDE
58	ADDE-2 Key Features Centralized operations monitoring & control point for : Program stream assembly Broadcast, Cable and other distribution services Signal quality monitoring Source to air Transmission monitoring and control Analog Tx, Digital Tx, uplinks, microwave Facility status Studio plant and equipment Transmission plant and equipment
59	ADDE-2 Key Features Centralized program library and archive On-Line access to 1000 Hrs SD, 200 Hrs HD and 200 Hrs Transport ready content Near-Line access to 20,000 Hrs content On-Line browse access to all content Easily expanded for future needs Centralized ingest point for non PBS content Centralized manager for content exchange Stations can swap content via interconnect Optional real-time interconnect
60	ADDE 2 vs. ADDE 1 Differences ADDE 2 Equipment is more Decentralized Streams are built at the stations not at ADDE More equipment is located at the station instead of at ADDE Server Encoding Branding Switching and effects Servers provided by PBS Easier for stations to “Take Control” if ADDE fails More automation components at the station Lower capital investment outside station ~$4M Lower overall capital investment
61	ADDE-2 Technology at the Core Central Program Library Server and Archive System Central Browse Server SD and HD Ingest Stations Program Control and Signal Quality Monitoring System Master Automation Control System Transmission and Facility Control and Monitoring System PSIP Management and Control System Networking Interface and Routing equipment
62	ADDE Core
63	ADDE-2 Technology at the Station PBS NGIS supplied satellite receivers, edge server and network monitoring/control system SD and HD master control processors and branding equipment Equipment requirements customized to station service plan Automation system Program and transport signal quality monitoring equipment Content ingest system Browse encoder Air, Media and Browse clients Network interface equipment
64	ADDE Station System
65	ADDE-2 Technology at Transmitters Transmitter and Facility control interface DTV program decoders Signal Quality Monitoring sensors Signal monitoring encoders Network interface equipment PSIP re-formatter Required when multiple transmitters use a single transport stream
66	Transmitter System - ADDE
67	ADDE 2 vs. ADDE 1 Differences ADDE 2 will only need to ingest non PBS delivered material Lower operating cost Fewer people required at ADDE 2 NAC Material pre-ingested at PBS Less equipment maintenance Less space is necessary for the ADDE 2 NAC Less bandwidth required ADDE 2 can operate with as little as a T1 if no regular program length file transfers are necessary High capacity IP bandwidth is optional Used for high speed file transfers to/from archive
68	ADDE 2 vs. ADDE 1 Similarities Same monitoring and control capabilities provided at ADDE Stations still have access to central archive for content storage and retrieval Stations can still preview archive material on desktop computers ADDE will still ingest non PBS delivered material Stations still have complete programming flexibility ADDE 2 is upgradeable to ADDE 1 Master Control at stations can still be unattended Stations still utilize compatible pre-ADDE equipment
69	ADDE-2 Services Overview Media Ingest and Preparation Media Archive Asset Management and Content Delivery Remote Management of Program Stream Assembly Program Stream Monitoring Transmission and Facility Monitoring DTV Program Guide Generation and Insertion
70	ADDE-2 Media Archive ADDE will archive all material ingested for the duration of licensing agreements All archived material will be available on demand Archive “space” will be made available for individual station needs
71	ADDE-2 Media Ingest ADDE-2 utilizes new PBS distribution model for all network content ingest Satellite delivered FTP/IP program files ADDE-2 will ingest and prepare other media content Syndicated programs (Satellite or fiber delivered) Video tape distributed program material Media ingest process will create an on-line low resolution Windows Media browser file for all content System will support ingest and exchange of material via FTP between member stations as well as from other outside sources
72	ADDE-2 Media Archive ADDE will archive all material ingested for the duration of licensing agreements All archived material will be available on demand via: Desktop Windows Media Browser Air Ready FTP program files Archive “space” will be made available for individual station needs
73	ADDE-2 Asset Management &Delivery ADDE-2 has the ability to send and receive content from a variety of sources including satellite, fiber, and FedEx! All ADDE-2 ingested material will be under asset management and available for review by stations as authorized PBS content will also be under asset management Asset Management databases will be compatible with PBS Orion Metadata will be compatible with standard Public broadcasting models
74	ADDE-2 Program Stream Assembly ADDE will control the build of program streams at each station according to station’s traffic instructions Stations will always have complete flexibility in programming decisions Stations will always have the ability to control the local insertion of content as desired for fundraising or other programming needs Stations will have access to their respective play lists to allow for changes in programming on the fly (providing content is available) Stream complexity is at the discretion of the station Based upon equipment purchased by station and programming needs
75	ADDE-2 Program Stream Monitoring Harris Broadcast Manager system will monitor critical aspects of all program streams from creation to “on air” Stations have choice in level of monitoring service Service Level “A” for primary program streams < six streams visually monitored per person to insure high level of reliability. Service Level “B” for secondary program streams < twelve streams monitored per person. Service Level “C” for secondary program streams provides a cost effective alarm only monitoring of the stream.
76	ADDE-2 Transmission & Facility Monitoring ADDE Monitoring Services include: Analog service program stream from server output through MC processing to transmitter input and demodulator output DTV transport stream from server output through MC processing, encoder output to transmitter input and demodulator output Low bit rate video and audio confirmation return feeds selectable from transmitter input or demodulator output All normal transmitter functions and parameters Remote control all transmitters Remote supervision of station based air chain equipment MC processing, automation system, encoders, STL All critical network equipment and paths ADDE can also provide facility monitoring building surveillance, tower light, fire and intrusion alarms, etc
77	ADDE-2 DTV Program Guide Generation Individual station program guides will be assembled from stations traffic log, program producers and PBS program information PSIP data will be centrally managed and network connected to individual stations and inserted at their system encoder Group PSIP such as OPB will be customized for each transmitter insuring DTV receiver tuning and program stream navigation
78	ADDE-2 System Redundancy All ADDE-2 critical core systems include 1-1 redundancy or have distributed architecture to mitigate system wide failure Redundancy level for all ADDE station specific systems could be N+1 redundant at stations option Distributed architecture is capable of withstanding reasonable network outages Full provisions for local station control No real-time automation control over network Typical file transfer activity is 24 Hrs in advance of air
79	ADDE-2 Interconnection Requirements ADDE to Station Station to ADDE
80	ADDE-2 Implementation Costs Capital Costs 10 Year Operating Costs Cost Comparison
81	Interconnection Costs
82	Project Status ADDE Project Phase 1 study is nearing completion and will go into 10 – 12 month hiatus while: PBS NGIS project is finalized and funded Sources of project funding are sought Alaska interconnect issues are resolved Station funding recovers from current Stations launch basic DTV service Harris will monitor technology for new developemts that might reduce costs Stations will follow technology roadmap for new purchases to insure future compatibility
83	Jay Adrick VP Strategic Business Development & CTO Harris Corp. Broadcast Communication Division Phone (513) 459-3802 E-Mail jadrick@harris.com
84	Dennis Haarsager Associate VP, Educational Telecommunications & Technology Washington State University Phone (509) 335-6530 E-Mail haarsager@wsu.edu
85	"A Case Study of" A Case Study of Television Consolidation