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Historical Understanding Standards and Benchmarks
Historical Understanding Standard 2:
Understands the historical perspective
Level II (Grade 5-6)
- Knows how to view the past in terms of the norms and values of the time
- Understands that specific individuals had a great impact on history
- Understands that specific ideas had an impact on history
- Understands that "chance events" had an impact on history
- Understands that specific decisions and events had an impact on history
Level III (Grade 7-8)
- Understands that specific individuals and the values those individuals held had an impact on history
- Analyzes the influence specific ideas and beliefs had on a period of history
- Analyzes the effect that specific "chance events" had on history
- Analyzes the effects specific decisions had on history
- Understands that historical accounts are subject to change based on newly uncovered records and interpretations
- Knows different types of primary and secondary sources and the motives, interests, and bias expressed in them (e.g., eyewitness accounts, letters, diaries, artifacts, photos; magazine articles, newspaper accounts, hearsay)
Level IV (Grade 9-12)
- Analyzes the values held by specific people who influenced history and the role their values played in influencing history
- Analyzes the influences specific ideas and beliefs had on a period of history and specifies how events might have been different in the absence of those ideas and beliefs
- Analyzes the effects that specific "chance events" had on history and specifies how things might have been different in the absence of those events
- Analyzes the effects specific decisions had on history and studies how things might have been different in the absence of those decisions
- Understands that the consequences of human intentions are influenced by the means of carrying them out
- Understands that change and continuity are equally probable and natural
- Knows how to avoid seizing upon particular lessons of history as cures for present ills
- Analyzes how specific historical events would be interpreted differently based on newly uncovered records and/or information
- Understands how the past affects our private lives and society in general
- Knows how to perceive past events with historical empathy
- Knows how to evaluate the credibility and authenticity of historical sources
- Evaluates the validity and credibility of different historical interpretations
- Uses historical maps to understand the relationship between historical events and geography
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Selected Standards and Benchmarks
used by permission:
Copyright
2003 McRel
Mid-continent Research for
Education and Learning
2550 S. Parker Road, Suite 500
Aurora, CO 80014
Telephone: (303) 337-0990
www.mcrel.org/standards-benchmarks
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