Iowa Public Television

101. The Winterset High School Junior/Senior Concert Band

301. Class 2A Finalists
South O’Brien Jazz Band--Kevin Linder, Director
Southern Cal Jazz Band--Tom Plummer, Director

The order of appearance and musical presentations follows:

1. Sarah Thune, 2nd Place Winner, Clive

SEASON 15

101. Perro Pepe en cuentra su casa
Perro Pepe Finds a Home

102. Perro Pepe tiene seis años
Perro Pepe Is Six Years Old

103. Perro Pepe es un perro
Perro Pepe Is a Dog

104. Fernández's Funky Fonda: la gran inauguración
Fernandez's Funky Fonda: The Grand Opening

105. El gran secreto de Perro Pepe
Perro Pepe's Big Secret

106. El cumpleaños de Perro Pepe
Perro Pepe's Birthday

107. La caperucita roja
Little Red Riding Hood

108. El sueño de Perro Pepe
Perro Pepe's Dream

109. El regalo de Angel
Angel's Gift

110. La escuela de Perro Pepe
Perro Pepe's School

111. ¿Mark va a la escuela?
Is Mark Going to School?

112. La Señorita y su perro
The Lady and Her Dog

113. Vamos al cine
Let's Go to the Movies

114. Las flores
The Flowers

115. Lunes de tormenta
Stormy Monday

116. Los colores de Miriam
Miriam's Colors

117. Ir o no ir
To Go or Not to Go

118. Buen Viaje, Señorita Fernández
Good Trip, Senorita Fernandez

119. ¿En cual dirección doblar?
Which Way to Turn?

120. Es magia
It's Magic

121. El problema de Miriam
Miriam's Problem

122. Ir de compras
Going Shopping

123. Mi casa es su casa
My House Is Your House

124. ¿Donde esta el perro?
Where Is the Dog?

125. El cocinero
The Chef

126. Perro Pepe en la televisión
Perro Pepe on Television

127. A Perro Pepe le duele un diente
Perro Pepe Has a Toothache

128. Las formas
The Shapes

129. La reunion
The Reunion

130. Adios
Goodbye

NOTE: Program #111 is new to the 2009-10 schedule

301. Stories in Glass and Stone
Explore the majestic French Gothic cathedrals of Notre Dame, Chartres, Amiens, Beauvais, Rheims and Mont St. Michel in France; Salisbury in England, Milan and Siena in Italy, and Cologne in Germany.

302. French Rococo Painters of Court and Courtiers
The works of Watteau, Boucher, Fragonard, Chardin and Vigee-LeBrun illustrate the fragile, delicate, playful style and trivial themes and characters of Rococo painting.

303. Fire and Ice: The Romantic-Classic Debate
David and Ingres expressed the revolution against the crown; Gericault and Delacroix demonstrated the Romantics' struggle to restore humanity after Napoleon.

304. The Triumph of Popular Realism in 19th Century France
The works of Corot, Daumier, Millet, Bonheur and Courbet illustrate the desire of Realists to interpret the visual world as precisely as possible.

305. North Italian Painters: Color and Chiaroscuro
Color and chiaroscuro (shading from dark to light) features works by five brilliant artists: Titian, Veronese, Tiepolo, Canaletto and Caravaggio.

306. British Cathedrals and Country Houses
Take a tour through seven architecturally significant buildings from the age of Inigo Jones and Sir Christopher Wren, to Vanbrugh, Burlington and Kent, Adam and Nash.

307. New Methods and Materials: 20th Century American Sculpture
Explore the limitless experimentalism of Calder's witty stabiles and mobiles, Smith's heroic totems, Chamberlain's crushed auto parts, Nevelson's structured walls, Hunt's hybrid steel forms, Edmonson's naive carvings and Christo's wrapped objects.

308. American Architecture: In Search of a National Integrity
Through selected examples, viewers see representative buildings in the U.S. by five prominent architects: Jefferson, Richardson, Sullivan, Wright and Van der Rohe.

309. The African-American Experience in Painting
Experience Johnson's portraits, Duncanson's landscapes, Tanner's religious paintings, Lee-Smith's portrayals of the urban plight of his people, Lawrence's depictions of working-class people and Bearden's collages.

310. South of the Border
Study the radiance of the Mexican painters and muralists Kahlo, Orozco, Rivera and Siqueiros; Tamayo and the surrealists and cubists; Columbian Botero's political cartoons and Venezuelan Marisol's satirical sculptures.

101. The Classical Ideal
Part I: Traces the origins of humanism and the immortal classical style to Ancient Greece.
Part II: The genius of Roman engineering and architecture was used to build an empire, while portrait sculpture exalted its rulers.

102. A White Garment of Churches—Romanesque and Gothic
Part I: With the fall of the Roman empire, Christianity flourished with the Church as patron of monumental Romanesque architecture and sculpture.
Part II: The origin of Gothic architecture is found in the choir of the Abbey Church of St. Denis and the Chartres Cathedral serves as a model of High Gothic style.

103. The Early Renaissance
Part I: The rebirth of classical themes and humanistic ideas marked the Renaissance in Italy, as seen in Florentines Brunelleschi, Masaccio, Ghiberti, and Botticelli.
Part II: Glowing color — made possible by the new medium of oil paint — and minute detail set the work of the Flemish masters Van Eyck and Grunewald apart from the Florentines.

104. The High Renaissance
Part I: Da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael displayed extraordinary talent working in a variety of media and elevated the status of the artist in Italian society.
Part II: Venetians like Titian, Tintoretto, and Palladio readapted the classical style with a theatrical flourish.

105. Realms of Light—The Baroque
Part I: The Church's campaign to counter the Reformation relied on dramatic depictions of religious scenes, such as those of Caravaggio and Bernini.
Part II: The royal courts in Spain and the wealthy burghers in the Netherlands commissioned major paintings by Velazquez and Rembrandt and shaped their content.

106. An Age of Reason, An Age of Passion
Part I: The playful fantasy and provocative subjects of the Rococo style practiced by Watteau, Fragonard, and Boucher gave way to strict Rationalism, which insisted on morality in art and the purity of classical form, as seen in the works of David.
Part II: Striving for individual expression, Romantic painters Goya, Gericault, and Delacroix demonstrated a range of styles and subjects.

107. A Fresh View—Impressionism and Post-Impressionism
Part I: Courbet and his followers rejected the standard academic themes and techniques, Manet shocked Paris, and Impressionists represented the world bathed in color and changing light.
Part II: Post-Impressionists Seurat, Van Gogh, Gauguin, and Cézanne broke new ground with daring and imaginative use of color and approaches to form.

108. Into the Twentieth Century
Part I: With modernity came new energy and forms in Viennese building and painting. Paris saw the emergence of the Fauves, and of Picasso and Cubism. Kandinsky and others experimented with color abstraction.
Part II: Modernism spawned not only Cubism, but also the abstract and the surreal. Le Corbusier and Wright applied the abstract principles to buildings. Dada responded to the devastation of WWI with nihilism; surrealists Dali, Magritte, and Miro showed Freudian influence.

109. In Our Own Time
Part I: The Abstract Expressionist movement established New York as a center for the visual arts. Works by Pollock, Warhol, Lichtenstein, and the sculptor Oldenburg are examined.
Part II: With many of the rules tested and discarded, the art world has become international. Art is now accessible to everyone to create and appreciate. Host Michael Wood looks over the past and forward to implications for the future.

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101. Episode 1
Historian Bettany Hughes discovers a treasure trove of artifacts and human remains in Athens.

101. Butterflies: Flying Flowers
Butterflies go through a remarkable process called metamorphosis, from egg to caterpillar to chrysalis to butterfly. Each step in this process has unique properties.

102. Working Together: Having Fun
Some animals, such as bees, ants and termites, work together to maintain a viable, adaptable society.

103. Dinosaur Detectives
We can learn what dinosaurs looked like and how they lived by piecing together dinosaur fossils. We also learn more about dinosaurs by observing the behavior and characteristics of some animals living today.

104. Dinner Tools: Munch & Crunch
All animals have the right kinds of tools to capture and feast on their favorite foods.

105. That's My Baby
Everyone starts out as a baby, but not all babies need the same kind of care as they grow toward self-sufficiency.

106. Home, Sweet Home
When it comes to building homes, animals are incredible architects. They make or find all of the materials they need to create homes that are just right for them.

107. Paper: Draw, Fold, Tear
Paper has a multitude of forms, uses and properties. Although it's often made from wood, paper can be made from a variety of materials.

108. Rocks: Gems of the Earth
Rocks and minerals come in an amazing array of colors, textures, sizes and shapes.

109. Trees: Nature's Skyscrapers
A tree is a busy place...it's a living, growing plant, and it's a home and habitat for many different animals.

110. Clouds: Puffy Pillows
By observing clouds, we can begin to understand the weather.

111. Color: Spots & Dots
Like us, animals often use colors to send messages.

112. Water: Wet & Wild
Water in its three different forms is present everywhere on earth. All living things need water to survive.

113. Birds: Winging It
If you learn what to look for and listen to, you can start to identify the amazing variety of birds in the world.

101. Five Life Strategies for Successful Teens [26:04]
This inspirational program profiles teens who are achieving their dreams: Liz Murray overcame a life of living on the streets to attend Harvard University; Jesse Laslovich became one of the youngest legislators ever elected in Montana; Aja Monet tells her story of winning a National Poetry Slam Competition; Clayton Lilliard created his own charity of donating bikes to kids whose parents are in prison, and Jennifer Howitt overcame a spinal cord injury to excel at basketball and win a gold medal at the Paralympic Games.

102. Drama Queens and Tough Guys: Helping Teens Handle Emotions [19:18]
Intense emotions are part of every teen’s life. Too often, however, these emotions spill over into “dramas” with groups of kids reacting to and escalating the impact of the drama. The by-product is a ripple of emotional chaos that extends beyond the group members and can negatively affect the atmosphere of the school. Using four “real life” scenarios, the program enables viewers to recognize emotional “drama” and helps them find legitimate ways to handle intense emotions.

103. Coping with an Emotional Crisis [24:17]
Divorce, loss of a parent’s job, natural disasters, death of a loved one, harassment at school, failure in school, navigating difficult friendships—these and other crises have a profound impact on the mental and physical health of young teens and create emotional trauma most are not equipped to deal with. This program describes different types of crises that are typical of high school students, the stages of a crisis and resources and strategies that students can use.

104. Standing Tall: Learning Assertiveness Skills [24:31]
Teasing, bullying, peer pressure are all behaviors that are challenging for middle school kids – especially shy ones – to deal with. How should they respond when bullies, cliques, and even friends make them feel bad or treat them disrespectfully? This program helps students learn to be more assertive and to speak up for themselves and others.

105. Surviving Peer Pressure: You Can Do It! [21:44]
For many young people, staying true to oneself can be a challenge. This program presents five scenarios where teens are asked to make critical decisions in typical peer pressure situations: whether to raid a liquor cabinet; teasing and bullying a vulnerable kid; excluding a girl from their regular lunch table; being pressured to shoplift, and being tempted to cheat on an exam. In each scenario, the action stops at a critical juncture and students review steps to making the right choice.

106. That’s So Rude! 10 Rules of Common Courtesy [19:01]
This program presents strategies to teach and reinforce civility and common courtesy in and out of school. Scenarios range from classroom behavior to cyberspace etiquette, use of cell phones, interrupting, wise-cracking, public behavior and language, courtesy to teachers, and respect for people and property. Students learn strategies for interacting with teachers, parents and all adults to encourage positive, comfortable outcomes.

107. Making Good Choices: Keys to Good Decisions [18:12]
Kids today have a lot of important decisions to make. Should I drink alcohol or smoke pot? Should I cheat on a test? Should I inform on a friend? This program introduces students to the four hallmarks of good decision-making: does it agree with what I know inside is right, what might happen as a result, might it hurt future goals, and will it hurt me or another person. Through real-life scenarios, students see others in the throes of difficult decisions with serious consequences. Applying these new decision-making strategies empowers students to choose the right path.

108. Developing Good Study Skills, Pt. 1 [19:17]
This program highlights methods proven to help students study more effectively and achieve higher grades: how to prioritize and manage time, how to use the library to best advantage, how to study using textbooks, how to take better notes, how to listen effectively and how to take tests. The program explains several critical in-class skills and successful techniques for studying at home. Effective test preparation is covered in-depth.

109. Developing Good Study Skills, Pt. 2 [17:37]
This program explores how to be more efficient in writing research papers and using the library or Internet appropriately.

201. Caution: Teenager Under Construction [16:00]
This program introduces students to the many changes that accompany adolescence by going beyond the physical manifestations of puberty and discussing emotional, social and developmental changes. Teen hosts reassure viewers of many normal aspects of early adolescence: changing relationships with friends, a new sense of independence, unpredictable moments of emotional upheaval and distraction, and more.

202. Becoming an Organized Student [20:00]
The pressures and expectations of school become daunting for students when their planners remain blank, homework is misplaced, previously-announced tests come as surprises, and important papers are crammed into backpacks. This program presents strategies for putting it all together--showing students how to organize for success by using notebooks, color coding, day planners and wall calendars.

203. Developing Self-Confidence [18:40]
In this program, students learn four key strategies for improving self-confidence: Stop Making Excuses, Take Reasonable Risks, Examine Your Fears, and Identify and Change Negative Self-Talk. Each strategy is carefully explained and dramatized in ways sure to inspire even the shyest middle-schooler.

204. Power Trip: Bullying in School [20:00]
Students hear from teens who experienced bullying firsthand as well as from students who have been the aggressors. Attention is given to the differences between how girls and boys bully. Other topics include the difference between bullying and teasing, when you should tell an adult about being bullied, what bystanders can do and how bullied kids can "stand up, step up and speak out" to stop bullying.

205. Connect the Dots: How School Skills Become Work Skills [16:00]
This program examines basic school-to-work skills: personal self-management, creative thinking, computer literacy, communications, and basic literacy skills. It explores how school skills contribute to a person’s ability to think critically and solve problems, and how mastering these skills help make for a successful career.

206. What Type of Person Am I? Personality and Careers [19:00]
Based on research showing personality type as the key factor in successful career development, this program helps students understand the six basic personality types as presented in the Holland Hexagon: Doer, Thinker, Creator, Helper, Persuader and Organizer. Teens identify their interests and abilities, and see how their own personalities fit with the general types and connect to potential careers.

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501. Earth's Crust
Bill goes to the depths of the earth (literally) to explain how the Earth's surface and its inner mantle differ.

502. Gravity
Have you ever wondered what holds the ocean on the Earth? Or what makes the Earth round? Perhaps you've thought about what holds humans to the ground? Bill provides the explanation for these and other questions about the earth's gravity.

503. Digestion
Bill explains to viewers how the body's digestive system is like a fine-tuned machine that turns food into energy. He demonstrates the process with a steam engine that runs on cornflakes.

504. Magnetism
In this attracting and not-too-repelling program, Bill shows all kinds of unexpected places where magnets can be found. In fact, the Earth itself is a huge magnet! Find out how to make a compass and why opposites attract.

505. Chemical Reactions
Have a blast watching the explosive examples Bill uses to explain that everything is made of chemicals. Guest star Candace Cameron ("Full House") shares the lab with Bill and shows that fire is actually a chemical reaction. Together, they extinguish a "tornado of fire."

506. Food Web
Watch Bill become tangled in a complex food web in his quest to demonstrate that all living things depend on other living things to survive.

507. Light Optics
You won't believe your eyes when the Science Guy reflects, refracts, bends, bounces, absorbs, and pulls light waves to show how things can be seen in different ways. Using lenses, mirrors, and water, Bill's optical illusions are sights to behold.

508. The Sun
Bill sheds light on solar flares, eclipses, sunspots, fusion, and solar energy, and visits an enormous solar energy farm outside Sacramento, California, to demonstrate how the sun is the source of energy for all living things on Earth.

509. Atmosphere
The Science Guy talks about atmosphere, its five different levels, and how it protects the Earth. Bill soars into the heavy topic of atmospheric air pressure and radio waves.

510. Respiration
Bill gets aerobic about the importance of respiration when he jogs, bikes, swims, and scuba dives. Discover how to measure how much air each breath contains and make a model lung in a nifty home experiment. See a demonstration of how cigarette smoke can infiltrate and injure lungs.

511. The Planets
Bill goes planet gazing and takes a serious look at Jupiter's features, Earth's elliptical orbit, and the distances between planets. A cool home demo shows how to make Mars soil.

512. Plants
The Science Guy branches out and gets to the root of the matter to explain wild things about plants such as how they breathe, make food, defend themselves, and move their seeds around.

513. Evolution
Bill compares primordial to present when he dabbles with Darwin and looks at his genes in this evolutionary episode. Explore the surprising similarities shared by all living things and ponder the possibility that birds evolved from dinosaurs.

14. Friction
Bill illustrates how various types of transportation utilize friction, from the use of traction in trains and the "roll" of ball bearings in skateboards and automobiles, to the lack of friction in a hovercraft.

515. Climates
Bill delivers hot sand from Saudi Arabia and bananas from humid Costa Rica, all to explain how different climates are created and how they affect our planet.

516. Ocean Life
The Science Guy knows everyone who's anyone in the ocean's food chain, from the tiny, meek species at the bottom, all the way to the large, ferocious species at the top. Bill goes underwater to talk about ocean ecosystems and the importance of small organisms such as coral, plankton, and kelp.

517. Mammals
They're (sometimes) big, they're hairy, and they're warm-blooded. From human being to moose and from cats to rats, Bill explains what it takes to be in the mammal family.

518. Populations
A peep of chickens, a pride of lions, a gaggle of geese, and a crowd of people. What do they all have in common? They're all populations! The Science Guy explores how these living groups compete for food, homes, and space.

519. Earthquakes
Thousands of earthquakes happen each year and Bill trembles in his boots when he explains what causes them. Find out what makes big pieces of the Earth's crust (the plates) move and what you should have on hand in case of a quake. He also visits with scientists who study and measure earthquakes.

520. Pollution Solutions
From cleaning our water to cleansing our air, Bill demonstrates how important it is for all humans to prepare for the future by recycling, researching, and developing innovative solutions to combat this "way UN-cool" worldwide problem.

521. Probability
There is a good chance this will be one of Bill's best episodes! In fact, he'll probably make the complicated concept of probability very simple to understand, while showing how it allows us to predict events.

522. Flowers
The Science Guy, with the help of guest Drew Barrymore, shows that flowers are more than just pretty faces. They make seeds, play a key role in pollination, and help plants to reproduce.

523. Deserts
Bill travels to Arizona's stunning Sonoran desert--and has a close encounter of the camel kind--while exploring this unique ecosystem and demonstrating the special ways its native plants and animals flourish.

524. Heart
Bill checks out this important muscular pump's function in the body, by pulling nine "Gs" with the United States Navy's Blue Angels and chatting with Seattle Mariner Edgar Martinez.

525. Inventions
All day long our lives are made easier by one invention or another, but we may not realize that not all inventions are carefully planned--some of the most valuable inventions come about by accident! Bill examines the process of inventing, with help from actor Samuel L. Jackson.

526. Genes
Did you know that humans have about 80,000 genes? And that genes determine everything from hair and eye color to whether or not you can roll your tongue? It's all in the genes you inherited from your mother and father (23 pairs to be exact). Join Bill as he explores the chromosomal world of DNA.

527. Do-It-Yourself Science
Who knows better than the Science Guy that you can demonstrate big scientific ideas with small experiments? Get a lesson in "Do-it-Yourself Science" from Bill himself and learn how you, too, can conduct scientific experiments.

528. Lakes & Ponds
Bodies of water surrounded by land on all sides are called lakes if they're large, and ponds if they're small. Lakes and ponds are formed when water collects (it pools!) in a low place in the ground. Where does all that water come from? Bill ponders this and many other freshwater questions in this exciting program.

529. Storms
Storms happen when huge masses of air collide. Disaster or not, storms benefit us. The tropical regions of the earth would be too hot to inhabit--and the subpolar regions too cold--if we didn't have hurricanes and typhoons to distribute the Earth's heat so efficiently. And besides, a good storm can sure put on a great show!

530. Motion
Did you know that nothing can move or stop by itself? Everything needs a push or pull--a force--to make it move or stop. Sometimes an object might seem to be at rest, even when it is in motion. Confused? It's all relative. Relative motion, that is.

601. Biodiversity
In any given environment there are hundreds of varieties of plants and animals living together, creating ecosystems. Bill Nye literally sets up office in an ocean, a forest, and a field to commune with nature and show what happens when one link falls out of nature's chain.

602. Blood and Circulation
Bill becomes a real heartthrob when he talks about that not-so-wimpy organ, the heart. Valves, blood cells, and the circulatory system work together to pump it up...the heart, that is.

603. Brain
In this thought-provoking episode some very tricky optical illusions show that the brain doesn't always correctly interpret what it sees. Check out Bill Nye from a whole new angle when he gets an M.R.I. of his brain.

604. Dinosaurs
Robin Leach and John Ratzenberger drop by to help Bill take a closer look at dinosaurs and what has been discovered about the lifestyles of the big and extinct.

605. Fish
Take a dive underwater with the Science Guy when he studies fish. Explore the depths with these submerged creatures and discover how they breathe, grow, and survive in the wet.

606. Forests
Follow Bill out on a limb when he goes swinging through the trees in Washington, Florida, Texas, and California to bring viewers close to the tallest and possibly oldest living things in the world. Examine a real forest fire to see what it does to help a forest's ecosystem. A forest ecologist climbs to the forest canopy to study what's going on up there.

607. Garbage
By digging up the dirt on garbage in ever-expanding landfills, Bill Nye exposes the vast amounts of nonbiodegradable waste humans create.

608. Heat
Way Cool Bill Nye really radiates in this sizzling episode. Learn what heat is and about its three forms: conduction, convection, and radiation.

609. Invertebrates
You may not believe it, but these "spineless wonders" far outnumber those of us animals with backbones. Bill shares invertebrates' unique characteristics and explains why we are dependent on them.

610. Marine Mammals
Marine mammals may look like big fish, but the Science Guy explains how they're more like humans. Listen closely to hear mammals communicate underwater and find out how our "relatives at sea" have found ways to live in oceans all around the world.

611. Patterns
Every time you look at, hear, touch, smell, or taste something, your brain collects information about the world around you. People deal with that information by finding patterns. To define and describe the patterns we see in nature, humans invented a special language -- math -- the language of patterns. With computers, finding, creating and studying patterns with math has become faster and easier than ever!

612. Smell
The sense of smell helps us interpret our environment and react to the things around us by letting us know when new smells are close-by. Other animals, like dogs, use their sense of smell even more than we do. Noses receive a smell, then the olfactory part of the brain decodes the many messages it gets, and lets you know that, yes, your feet are truly smelly.

613. Wetlands
Bill Nye sloshes across American wetlands and gets a little muddy as he shows us how swamps, bogs, and marshes help control floods, naturally filter water, and provide a good home to lots of living things, especially wildlife.

614. Amphibians
Being called "cold-blooded" is no insult to these creatures! The Science Guy explains how amphibians can live both on land and in water, and the mysterious process of metamorphosis.

615. Animal Locomotion
Bill checks out a millipede who walks by coordinating the movement of its 200 feet, and other creatures who move around without a leg to stand on!

616. Birds
Fly the coop with the Science Guy as he explores his fascination with birds. Bill shows us how these feathery friends stay airborne, where they live, and what they eat.

617. Bones and Muscles
Bill bones up on the things that give the body its shape and movement. He muscles in to give more than just the bare bones about X-rays, the healing of broken bones, bone marrow, and the body's joints.

618. Cells
Mad scientist Bill Nye CELLebrates the basic unit that makes up all living organisms--the cell. This exCELLent program zooms in on DNA and creatures like amoebas and paramecia.

619. Eyeball
Bill Nye focuses his attention on the body's window to the world--the eyeball. Bill also interviews a Seeing Eye dog trainer and a virtual reality designer, and demonstrates how a 3-D movie works.

620. Germs
Bill's knowledge on the subject of germs is positively contagious! The Science Guy illustrates the various types of germs and how they function. The recurring character "Mama Crust" motivates kids to brush their teeth, wash their hands, and cut way back on picking their noses.

621. Human Transportation
Transportation is on the move, whether it floats, rolls, or flies! Find out how humans move around for food, shelter, and to meet other humans.

622. Insects
Bill Nye explores the mysterious world of insects and talks to special guest Queen Latifah, who's abuzz about her other favorite queens...bees. The lab kids go exploring at an insectorium and go digging for insect fossils.

623. Nutrition
You are what you eat! That's right...everything from your eyeballs to your elbows is made of food! Bill tells us what kinds of nutrients are in each bite and what foods are best for healthy bodies.

624. Reptiles
Join Bill Nye for adventure, thrills, and scaly encounters that would make Indiana Jones squeamish when he explores reptiles. Witness reptilian epicurean delights when a snake eats a mouse, and ponder the possible link between dinosaurs, reptiles, and birds.

625. Skin
What's the largest living organ on the human body? Answer: Skin. Bill Nye explains the naked truth about the organ that regulates our body temperature, protects our inner parts, and provides us with the sense of touch.

626. Spiders
The Science Guy demystifies this most misunderstood creature. He'll cure the most intense case of arachnophobia by showing how cool spiders really are, and how these eight-legged predators spin their webs and balance our ecosystem by preying on pesky insects.

701. Architecture
Bill uses the "Dollhouse of Science" to demonstrate how architects design buildings. Then, he travels to Japan to learn how pagodas are built to withstand earthquakes.

702. Atoms
What's the "big" deal about atoms? They're too small to see with our eyes, so what good are they? Bill explains how atoms combine to form molecules in this fascinating program.

703. Buoyancy
Bill Nye takes to the sky in a hot air balloon, and goes scuba diving in the Seattle Aquarium to explain why objects like boats, helium and balloons are buoyant.

704. Electrical Current
Bill Nye explains how birds, kites, and airplanes fly, and talks about lift, air pressure, dynamic pressure, and Bernoulli's Principle.

705. Energy
This episode is sure to rev things up when it covers water, muscles, heat, light, sound, and other types of energy that make things go, run, or happen. See how to conduct home experiments that will transform potential energy into kinetic energy and use falling water to make energy.

706. Fluids
Watch Bill Nye go with the flow in the “Fluids” episode. What do syrup, milkshakes, and air all have in common? They're all fluids, or stuff that can flow, bend, squish, move, dodge, or mosey out of the way without breaking or separating. Liquids and gases that flow are all fluids.

707. Light and Color
Bill goes somewhere over the rainbow to reflect on light and color as he disco dances to Stayin' Alive with lights a blazin'. The “Check It Out” segment shows how neon art and lasers are made.

708. Momentum
Brace for the impact of this moving program as Bill shows how weight and speed affect momentum. The crash test dummies know a lot about momentum in a car and the importance of wearing a safety belt.

709. Pressure
The Science Guy visits Hoover Dam and takes to jackhammering concrete blocks to explore different types of pressure, while special equipment enables him to scuba dive and explain the effects of pressure underwater. In this powerful program, check out fire boats, fancy car hydraulic lifts, and a jet ski shop that pushes water at three times the speed of sound to cut through wood, granite, and even titanium.

710. Science of Music
Each musical note, and every tone of each instrument is, in fact, a unique sound wave. Getting the exact sound waves in the pattern you want -- now that's way cool science!

711. Spinning Things
The Science Guy tells us what the Earth, a big storm and a rolling ball have in common. They're all 'Spinning Things' -- out of control! Discover why some things spin and others don't.

712. Static Electricity
Why do socks stick together when taken from the dryer? Learn the shocking truth in this program on static electricity. Bill bumps into Elaine Miles (Northern Exposure) at the laundromat where she experiments with electron buildup.

713. Waves
Catch a few waves with the Science Guy! Bill explores sound waves, light waves, seismic waves, energy waves, and even "the wave" that's so popular with stadium crowds!

MICROLIFE UNIT
101. Viruses [18:00]
This program introduces these strange parasitic entities--little more than packages of genetic information that subvert cells into producing more viruses. This program presents: the discovery of viruses, their structures, how they are studied, and their various modes of infection and replication from the T-4 bacteriophage to complex retroviruses such as HIV.

102. Bacteria [17:00]
Program 2 shows the range of behavior seen in living bacteria, how bacteria obtain nutrients through "external digestion," and how to use sterile techniques for culturing and studying them. It shows the vital roles bacteria play in maintaining the biosphere through oxygen production (by cyanobacteria), decomposition and nitrogen fixation.

103. Protists [20:00]
Protists are defined by exploring a diversity of protist groups. Students investigate the structure, behavior, feeding methods, reproduction and ecological relationships among the different groups to better understand single-celled eukaryotes. Protists featured include Paramecium, Amoeba, Volvox, Spirogyra, and Euglena.

104. The Light Microscope [16:00]
Program 4 teaches students the basics of using a microscope, and then shows them how to use the light source, condenser, iris diaphragm, and different objectives to get the most out of viewing. Students also learn about dark field lighting and colored-field lighting as well as polarized light microscopy.

BOTANICAL ORGANISMS UNIT
105. Plants [18:00]
This program provides a general introduction to the green kingdom and describes the molecular level mechanisms of photosynthesis. The taxonomy section introduces the nonvascular plants (mosses and liverworts), primitive vascular plants (ferns and horsetails), gymnosperms and flowering plants--with emphasis on life cycles in each group.

106. Algae [20:00]
"Algae" refers to several evolutionary lines of photosynthetic organisms: Red Algae (plastids with chlorophyll A), Brown Algae (with chlorophyll A and C), and Green Algae (Chlorophyll A and B). These organisms play vital roles in aquatic/marine ecosystems, providing oxygen, food and shelter for vast communities of living things.

107. Fungi [22:00]
Fungi join with bacteria in breaking down dead organic material. In this program, the various types of fungi are recognized by their structures and life cycle stages. Certain fungi (mycorrhizae) form symbiotic relationships with plants. Their help in absorbing nutrients and water probably aided vascular plants in colonizing the land.

ANIMAL UNIT
108. Sponges [15:00]
With an estimated 15,000 species diversity, sponges play important roles in aquatic ecosystems as bacterial filters. This program uses underwater photography, microscopy, animation, SEM, and time-lapse microscopy to provide a colorful overview of sponge biology with an emphasis on structure, taxonomy, ecology and evolution.

109. Cnidarians [16:00]
The program offers an in-depth study of Hydra and Obelia as well as the beautiful jellyfish of Class Scyphozoa, sea anemones of Class Anthozoa, and corals, their warm sea relatives.

110. Flatworms [16:00]
This program observes the structure, behavior and life cycles of planarians and other free-living flatworms, some so small they can only be studied with a microscope. It examines the bizarre life cycles of flukes and tapeworms with revealing shots of these parasites at home in the organs of their vertebrate hosts.

111. Nematodes, Rotifers, Bryozoans and Various Minor Phyla [19:00]
Program 11 highlights roundworms including a number of important human parasites. Thirteen common rotifer species illustrate this diverse group of microscopic animals. Bryozoans, gastrotrichs, tardigrades, nemerteans, and a recently discovered phylum, Gnathostomulida, acquaint students with many of the lesser-known branches of animal life.

112. Molluscs [15:00]
The phylum Mollusca is filled with wonderfully adapted soft-bodied creatures that make up four major classes: Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Pelecypoda and Cephalopoda. In each group the emphasis is on: structure, behavior, larval development, and adaptations.

113. Annelids [15:00]
Phylum Annelida is made up of segmented worms divided into three classes: Oligochaetes (earth worms and aquatic worms), Polychaetes (Nereis and thousands of other species that live in almost all marine habitats), and Leeches.

114. Arthropods [26:00]
This program explores the major classes of arthropods: Crustaceans; Arachnids (including whip scorpions, scorpions, spiders, ticks and mites); and Uniramians (including centipedes, millipedes, and insects). The program highlights important details of structure and behavior.

115. Echinoderms [15:00]
Examining echinoderm life-styles shows that sea stars are predators, brittle stars and basket stars are detritus feeders, urchins and sand dollars are herbivores, sea cucumbers feed on detritus and plankton.

116. Chordates [19:00]
The unique features of this group: a supporting rod (notochord), a hollow dorsal nerve cord, post-anal tail and pharyngeal gills, are investigated in modern animals. Key adaptations leading to the diversification and proliferation of the modern vertebrate groups are explored through fossils, living examples and animation.

SEASON 2

101. Respecting Yourself
This program gives students a starting point by helping them to gain respect for their own self-worth as well as their own value systems. Students are encouraged to accept the things about themselves that they can't change and to have pride in their uniqueness.

102. Respecting Others
This program explores the simple rule of respecting others--treating other people the way you would want to be treated.

103. Respecting Your World
Caring for the environment is this program's theme. Students are asked to consider how they can show respect for their surroundings and make them better. The program widens students' perspectives from their own homes to their schools, their towns, and their planet.

101. Maps, Time, and World History
What tools do world historians use in the study of history? This unit begins the study of world history by examining its use of geographical and chronological frameworks: how they have shaped the understanding of world history and have been used to chart the past.

102. History and Memory
How are history and memory different? Topics in this unit range from the celebration of Columbus Day to the demolition of a Korean museum to the historical re-interpretation of Mayan civilization, exploring the ways historians, nations and individuals capture, exploit, and know the past.

103. Human Migrations
How did the many paths of human migration people the planet? From their origins on the African continent, humans have spread across the globe. This unit explores how and why early humans moved across Africa, Eurasia, and the Americas, based on recent studies in archaeology and linguistics.

104. Agricultural and Urban Revolutions
What do historians know about the earliest farmers and herders, and the evolution of cities? Newly emerging evidence about the “cradles of civilization” is examined in light of the social, technological, and cultural complexity of recently discovered settlements and cities.

105. Early Belief Systems
How did people begin to understand themselves in relation to the natural world and to the unseen realms beyond? In this unit, animism and shamanism in Shinto are contrasted with philosophical and ethical systems in early Greece and China, and the beginnings of Zoroastrianism, Hinduism, and Judaism.

106. Order and Early Societies
Through the rise of the Chinese empire, Mayan regional kingdoms, and the complex society of Igbo Ukwu, this unit considers the origins of centralized states and alternative political and social orders.

107. The Spread of Religions
How do religions interact, adopt new ideas, and adapt to diverse cultures? As the missionaries, pilgrims, and converts of Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam moved around the world, the religions created change and were themselves changed.

108. Early Economies
How do societies assign value to land, labor, and material goods? Manorial economies in Japan and medieval Europe are contrasted with the tribute economy of the Inka, and the experience of dramatic economic change is illustrated by the commercial revolution in China.

109. Connections Across Land
How were land-based trade routes conduits of both commerce and culture? The Eurasian Silk Roads, the trans-Saharan Gold Roads, and the Meso-American Turquoise Road trace the transmission of commodities, religions, and diseases, as well as the movements of people.

110. Connections Across Water
How were water routes used as conduits of expansion and trade? The traders of the Indian Ocean, the early Mississippians, and the Norsemen carried death and disease, skills and technologies, philosophies and religion down rivers and across oceans.

111. Early Empires
What makes an “empire”? Through the Mongol, Mali, and Inka empires, this unit examines the construction of empires, their administrative structures, legitimating ideologies, and the environmental and technological conditions that shaped them.

112. Transmission of Traditions
What are traditions and how are they transmitted? Islamic Spain, Korea, and West Africa provide examples of many different modes of transmission, including oral, written, artistic, and architectural.

113. Family and Household
In this unit examining West Asia, Europe, and China, families and households become the focus of historians, providing a window into the private experiences in world societies, and how they sometimes become a model for ordering the outside world.

114. Land and Labor Relationships
What factors shape the ways in which basic resources are exploited by a society? From Southeast Asia to Russia, Africa, and the Americas, the ratios between land availability and the usable labor force were the primary basis of pre-industrial economies, but politics, environment, and culture played a part as well.

115. Early Global Commodities
What is globalization and when did it begin? Before the 16th century, the world’s main monetary substances were silver, gold, copper, and shells. But it was China’s demand for silver and Spain’s newly discovered mines in the Americas that finally created an all-encompassing network of global trade.

116. Food, Demographics and Culture
Studying the production and consumption of food allows historians to uncover levels of meaning in social relationships, understand demographic shifts, and trace cultural exchange. This unit examines the earliest impact of globalization including changing cuisine, environmental impact, and the rise of forced labor.

117. Ideas Shape the World
This unit traces the impact of European Enlightenment ideals in the American and Haitian revolutions and in South America. It also examines the revitalization of Islam expressed in the Wahhabi movement as it spread from the Arabian peninsula to Africa and Asia.

118. Rethinking the Rise of the West
How does historical scholarship change over time, and why do the perspectives of historians shift? This unit recaps the economic and political events that led to the rise of the West, but examines and re-examines those events through differing opinions of its causes.

119. Global Industrialization
How was the industrial revolution a global process, not just a European or American story? This unit links Cuba, Uruguay, Europe, and Japan, examining the impact of industry on trade, environment, culture, technology, and lives around the world.

120. Imperial Designs
What lasting impacts did modern imperialism have on the world? The profound consequences of imperialism are examined in the South African frontier and Brazil, where politics, culture, industrial capitalism, and the environment were shaped and reshaped.

121. Colonial Identities
How did colonialism and eventual decolonization mutually affect the colonizer and the colonized? From Zanzibar to India, colonial and post-colonial identities are examined through clothing.

122. Global War and Peace
How “global” were the World Wars? This unit examines Japanese imperialism, the Belgian Congo, and twentieth century peace institutions to study how local, national, ethnic, and religious conflicts shaped these wars and their aftermaths.

123. People Shape the World
What is the impact of the individual in world history? This unit examines the role of individual and collective action in shaping the world through the lives of such diverse figures as Mao Zedong, the Ayatollah Khomeini, and Las Madres de la Plaza de Mayo.

124. Globalization and Economics
How have the forces of globalization shaped the modern world? This unit travels from the Soviet Union to Sri Lanka and Chile to study the role of technology and the impact of economic and political changes wrought by globalization.

125. Global Popular Culture
From World Cup soccer to Coca Cola, modern icons reflect the intertwined cultural, political, and commercial dimensions of globalization. This unit listens to and looks at the music and images of global production and consumption from reggae to the Olympics.

126. World History and Identity
How have global forces redefined both individual and group identity in the modern world? This unit examines the transnational identity that emerged from the Chinese diaspora, and compares it to a newly redefined national Chechen identity forged through war with Russia.

101. Bullying: You Don't Have To Take It Anymore (Grades 7-12)
Bullying is one of the most underrated yet enduring problems in schools today and is a reality in the lives of all children whether they are bullies, victims or witnesses. Using dramatic scenarios, the differences between the way girls and boys bully are demonstrated. By seeing and hearing from experts in the field, this program will help students better understand what bullying is, how it affects victims and what can be done to improve the situation.

102. Hurting With Words: Understanding Emotional Violence and Abuse (Grades 7-12)
This program describes emotional violence as one person saying something that is hurtful to another and outlines the causes of many different types of emotional abuse: men to women, husbands to wives, parents to children, adults to children, and group to group. Students will understand that there are many successful methods of dealing with people who are verbally or emotionally abusive.

103. Conflicts, Communication and Relationships (Grades 7-12)
A series of vignettes describe typical conflicts between friends, siblings, parents and children, and an employee and boss. A leading psychologist shows how maximizing communication skills, listening skills, and mediation skills can help to resolve most conflicts. Finally, it will be your students' turn to take one of the situations and figure out what they would do to enhance the communication and resolve the conflict.

104. Solving Conflicts with Teachers, Parents and Peers (Grades 6-8)
This program delves into several types of conflicts students face at home, at school and in their neighborhoods. By using dramatic scenes, depicting common conflicts between parents, teachers and friends, and by hearing healthy solutions from real teens about how they deal with conflicts, viewers are challenged to reevaluate their own style of conflict resolution.

105. Tolerance: Responding to Differences (Grades 6-8)
Middle school years are typically when kids "make fun" of each other for differences in clothing, speech, physical traits and ethnicity. This program, consisting of four dramatic scenes and real-life interviews will challenge your students to look at each scene and determine what they would do in each situation. The program concludes with a section called "Tools for Tolerance" which demonstrates that the tools of empathy, respect, acceptance, and forgiveness can be used to develop more tolerant attitudes.

106. Dealing with Anger (Grades 6-8)
This program gives students the tools they need to recognize and deal with their own frustration and stress. The characters explore a variety of situations that can trigger angry feelings--Erin is rejected by a boyfriend, PJ is embarrassed in front of his peers, Toby is taunted by a classmate. Each scenario invites class discussion. For each, a positive strategy is offered for expressing and channeling anger.

107. No Name-Calling (Grades 4-8)
Experts agree that bullying and harassment in school usually starts with name-calling. This program demonstrates the damage that can be done when kids are targeted by hurtful words like "fatso," "retard," "faggot," and "bean pole." Viewers will follow a classroom of real students as they work on inaugurating a "No Name-Calling" week at their school. Interviews with real kids are interspersed with dramatic vignettes that model name-calling scenarios which many viewers will recognize.

108. Using Your WITS: Strategies to Stop Bullying (Grades 3-6)
Proven effective in elementary school trials for reducing bullying, this research-based program consists of 6 dramatizations that show elementary school students sure-fire ways to handle common bullying situations. Students are taught to use their W.I.T.S. which stands for Walk away, Ignore the person, Talk it out if you can, or Seek help.

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